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Working papers

Welcome to the Working Paper Series of the International Graduate School of Business. Papers are organized by name of author in alphabetical order. Titles and abstracts appear below. The full paper can be downloaded as PDF files. Interested parties can find contact details for all authors included in the full articles.

Mary Bambacas, Margaret Patrickson
Developing Supervisors as Skilled Communicators: The Role of HR
Effective communication is a major factor enabling supervisors to act as a conduit in promoting HR policies to their subordinates. In particular, given managers are now expected to take a major role in developing subordinate commitment, communication skills have become an important part of the process. This paper reports data from a small sample of HR managers as to what actions they take to develop communication skills in their managerial staff. Findings suggest that HR practitioners regard communication skills as subsumed under a generic idea of leadership. They focus on these skills at two main times- at managerial hiring when communication ability appears synonymous with verbal fluency and confidence, and during leadership development training when communication skill is incorporated into the general rubric of interpersonal behaviour. None report any specific focus on communications skill levels, nor any attempt to formally or quantitatively measure their presence in their managers.
View paper (PDF 148 kb)

Dr Peter Lok, Paul Z Wang, Bob Westwood, John Crawford
Antecedents of job satisfaction and organizational commitment and the mediating role of organizational subculture
This study investigates the relationships between employees' commitment and its various antecedents, including employees' perceptions of organizational culture, subculture, leadership style, and job satisfaction. Structural equation analysis examined a proposed model in which organizational subculture mediated the influence of leadership style and organizational culture on commitment, and in which job satisfaction is an antecedent of commitment. Specifically the direction of the causal effect between job satisfaction and commitment, the role of subculture as a mediating variable, and the role of job satisfaction as a mediator of the influences on commitment of its other antecedents were examined. Comparisons with alternative models confirmed satisfaction as an antecedent of commitment and the role of subculture as a mediating variable. The results of this study contribute to the clarification of the causal relations of the antecedents of commitment, and highlight the important role of local leadership and subculture in determining employees' job satisfaction and commitment.
View paper (PDF 189 kb)

Dr Jo Rhodes, Dr Paul Walsh, Dr Peter Lok
Convergence and Divergence Issues in Strategic Management - An Asian Perspective on the Balanced Scorecard in HR management
Global competitive pressures shape an enterprise's focus on strategic management systems, and in particular the Balanced Scorecard; this shift suggests that global companies adopt a handful of management best practices, most of which originate in the West. Divergence factors such as national culture, leadership styles and human resource management practices underscore the trend towards convergence of global management practices; however, Asian empirical evidence on the effectiveness of such practices is limited as is the impact of Asian Balanced Scorecard contextual variables. This paper considers a conceptual framework, based on the Balanced Scorecard, in which to consider convergence and divergence impacts on developing high performance cultures in Asian contexts. A Balanced Scorecard implementation case study undertaken by the Central Bank of Indonesia is the basis for discussing Asian firms' challenges in adopting Western management practices.
View paper (PDF 101 kb)

Basil Tucker, Helen Thorne and Bruce Gurd
Management Control Systems and Strategy: What's been happening?
Global competitive pressures shape an enterprise's focus on strategic management systems, and in particular the Balanced Scorecard; this shift suggests that global companies adopt a handful of management best practices, most of which originate in the West. Divergence factors such as national culture, leadership styles and human resource management practices underscore the trend towards convergence of global management practices; however, Asian empirical evidence on the effectiveness of such practices is limited as is the impact of Asian Balanced Scorecard contextual variables. This paper considers a conceptual framework, based on the Balanced Scorecard, in which to consider convergence and divergence impacts on developing high performance cultures in Asian contexts. A Balanced Scorecard implementation case study undertaken by the Central Bank of Indonesia is the basis for discussing Asian firms' challenges in adopting Western management practices.
View paper (PDF 629 kb)

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